Understanding the challenges to investigating and prosecuting organ trafficking: a comparative analysis of two cases

Abstract The human organ trade is proliferating globally. However, far fewer cases have been prosecuted than would be expected based on estimates of the crime. Research exploring challenges to investigating and prosecuting trafficking practically non-existent. Also no studies exist that explain these utilizing a criminal justice framework. This article aims legal, institutional environmental factors affected investigation prosecution two cases: Netcare case, exposed in South Africa Medicus Kosovo. It analyzes through comparative, mixed-method design, theoretical Both constituted globally operating networks involving brokers transplant professionals colluded organizing illegal transplants. contained elements, however only case was as case. Legal uncertainty, lack readiness cross-border collaboration issues hampered also reported problems during collaboration, well corrupt environment barriers, which impeded successful outcome. Recommendations improve enforcement include improving identification suspicious activity, strengthening enhancing whistleblower protection laws.